Nanosecond pulse electric field (nanopulse): a novel non-ligand agonist for platelet activation |
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Authors: | Zhang Jue Blackmore Peter F Hargrave Barbara Y Xiao Shu Beebe Stephen J Schoenbach Karl H |
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Institution: | a Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA b Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China c Department of Physiological Sciences, Eastern Virginia Medical School, 700 Olney Road, P. O. Box 1980, Norfolk, VA 23501, USA d Department of Biology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA |
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Abstract: | Nanosecond pulse stimulation of a variety of cells produces a wide range of physiological responses (e.g., apoptosis, stimulation of calcium (Ca2+) fluxes, changes in membrane potential). In this study, we investigated the effect of nanosecond pulses, which generate intense electric fields (nsPEFs), on human platelet aggregation, intracellular free Ca2+ ion concentration (Ca2+]i) and platelet-derived growth factor release. When platelet rich plasma was pulsed with one 300 ns pulse with an electric field of 30 kV/cm, platelets aggregated and a platelet gel was produced. Platelet aggregation was observed with pulses as low as 7 kV/cm with maximum effects seen with approximately 30 kV/cm. The increases in intracellular Ca2+ release and Ca2+ influx were dose dependent on the electrical energy density and were maximally stimulated with approximately 30 kV/cm. The increases in Ca2+]i induced by nsPEF were similar to those seen with thapsigargin but not thrombin. We postulate that nsPEF caused Ca2+ to leak out of intracellular Ca2+ stores by a process involving the formation of nanopores in organelle membranes and also caused Ca2+ influx through plasma membrane nanopores. We conclude that nsPEFs dose-dependently cause platelets to rapidly aggregate, like other platelet agonists, and this is most likely initiated by the nsPEFs increasing Ca2+]i, however by a different mechanism. |
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Keywords: | Calcium Platelets Nanopores Aggregation Nanosecond pulse |
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