基于电喷雾电离串联质谱技术的植物脂质组学研究进展

研究表明，脂质不但参与植物的信号转导、小泡运输、细胞骨架重组等多种细胞过程，而且在植物的生长发育和胁迫反应中具有重要作用．但是脂质本身的多样性、复杂性、以及分析手段的滞后限制了人们对脂质的深入认识．电喷雾电离串联质谱(ESI-MS/MS)技术作为一种直接进样的高通量分析技术，能够在短时间内对大多数脂质的不同分子种进行定量分析，极大地方便了人们了解植物因环境变化和生长发育引起的组织内脂质分子种的微量变化．近年来，该技术在植物上的成功应用，推动植物脂质组学研究取得了重要进展，揭示出脂质在植物的逆境胁迫反应、防御反应中的多种功能，促进了植物脂质代谢相关基因的鉴定．而且，该技术与其他脂质分析技术结合，促使人们在脂质的分布、运输、转化和新脂质种类的鉴定方面有新的进展．概要介绍了ESI-MS/MS技术的特点，重点综述了该技术在植物脂质组学研究中的应用进展，并展望了该技术今后的发展方向.

Advances in ESI-MS/MS Approach-based Plant Lipidomics

As shown by many researches, various lipids are not only involved in many cellular processes, such as plant signal transduction, vesicular transport, and cytoskeletal rearrangements, but also play a pivotal role in mediating plant growth, development and stress responses. However, due to the diversity and complexity of lipids, and the limitation of analytical approach, its hard to have a deep understanding on lipids. Electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) is a direct-infusion, high-throughput analytical strategy. By utilizing this approach, most lipid molecular species can be quantified in a short time only need small samples, detection of minor changes in plant lipids induced by environmental changes and growth and development has thus been greatly facilitated. The successful application of this approach in plants has led to great progress in plant lipidomics in recent years. Functions of some lipids and lipid-hydrolyzing enzymes in plant stress and defense responses have been revealed, and several novel genes related to plant lipid metabolism have been identified, all owing to the facilitation of this approach. Moreover, some new discoveries related to lipid distribution, transport, and transformation and identification of new lipid species have been made through the ESI-MS/MS approach coupled with other lipid analyzing methods. The paper firstly gives a brief depiction on the characteristics of the ESI-MS/MS approach, then provides an overview of application advances of the approach in plant lipidomics, and offers some prospective options to its future development in the final part.