泛素-蛋白酶体系统影响植物农艺性状的研究进展

当前人口激增、环境污染、生态破坏等问题层出不穷。改良农艺性状，如提高产量、增强逆境耐受能力，是作物遗传改良的重要目标，是推动农业高质量发展的基础。泛素-蛋白酶体系统（UPS）是一种快速的选择性水解植物体产生的冗余蛋白和被损坏蛋白的体系。目前，研究发现泛素-蛋白酶系统影响植物的发育、生殖和重要的农艺性状：如应对环境胁迫、开花诱导和种子大小等。综述了近年来的研究成果，阐述了蛋白酶体UPS组分和各亚基的重要功能，并描述了泛素-蛋白酶系统是如何影响植物农艺性状的。最后，讨论了未来的研究热点和利用UPS改良作物的潜力。

Research Progress in the Effects of Ubiquitin-proteasome System on Plant Agronomic Traits

At present, problems such as population explosion, environmental pollution and ecological destruction emerge one after another. Improving agronomic traits, such as increasing yield and enhancing stress tolerance, is the most important goal of crop genetic improvement and the basis of promoting high-quality agricultural development. The ubiquitin-proteasome system（UPS）is a rapid and selective system for the hydrolysis of redundant and damaged proteins produced by plant. Now, studies have found that the ubiquitin-proteasome system affects plant development, reproduction, and important agronomic traits, such as pathogen responses, induction of flowering, seed size, and so on. This review focuses on recent studies illustrating the important functions of the UPS components and subunits of the proteasome and describes how the UPS affect plant agronomic traits. Finally, the review discusses the future research hotspots and the potential for crop improvement with UPS.