合成生物学细胞传感技术在食品安全快速检测中的应用

合成生物学细胞传感技术为快速、现场检测食品污染物提供了一种新型替代方法。由于细胞内环境相对稳定，合成生物学细胞传感器有较强的抗干扰能力；由于细胞能够通过自我复制而实现增殖，细胞传感器在生产上具有简单、廉价、快速的特点，因此在食品安全快速检测中具有良好的应用前景。本文综述了合成生物学细胞传感器核心元件的组成、构建方法和类型，介绍了多功能细胞传感器的合成生物学基因回路，列举了细胞传感器在食品安全快速检测中的商业化应用前景，并阐述了细胞传感器在食品安全快速检测中的挑战和发展趋势。

Application of Synthetic Biology Based Whole-cell Biosensor Technology in the Rapid Detection of Food Safety

Synthetic biology-based whole-cell sensing technology provides an alternative approach for rapid and on-site detection of heavy metals. Because the intracellular environment is relatively stable, whole-cell biosensor presents strong anti-interference ability; the biosensor cells can proliferate with cell self-replication, so the whole-cell biosensor has the characteristics of simple, cheap and fast in production. Therefore, whole-cell biosensor demonstrates a promising application prospect in the rapid detection of food pollutants. This article, the composition, construction methods, and types of core elements for whole-cell biosensor are summarized. Then synthetic biology-based gene circuits for multi-function detection technologies are introduced; further the commercialized applications of whole-cell biosensor in rapid food safety testing are enumerated; and finally the challenges and development prospects of cell biosensors in the rapid detection of food safety are illustrated.