The secretome of mesenchymal stem cells: Potential implications for neuroregeneration |
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| Authors: | Gesine Paul Sergey V. Anisimov |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Translational Neurology Group, Division of Neurology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden;2. Department of Neurology, Scania University Hospital, Lund, Sweden;3. Research Unit of Cellular and Genetic Engineering, V.A. Almazov Federal Center for Heart, Blood & Endocrinology, Saint-Petersburg, Russia;4. Department of Intracellular Signaling and Transport, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, Russia |
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| Abstract: | Mesenchymal stem cells have shown regenerative properties in many tissues. This feature had originally been ascribed to their multipotency and thus their ability to differentiate into tissue-specific cells. However, many researchers consider the secretome of mesenchymal stem cells the most important player in the observed reparative effects of these cells. In this review, we specifically focus on the potential neuroregenerative effect of mesenchymal stem cells, summarize several possible mechanisms of neuroregeneration and list key factors mediating this effect. We illustrate examples of mesenchymal stem cell treatment in central nervous system disorders including stroke, neurodegenerative disorders (such as Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, multiple system atrophy and cerebellar ataxia) and inflammatory disease (such as multiple sclerosis). We specifically highlight studies where mesenchymal stem cells have entered clinical trials. |
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| Keywords: | Mesenchymal stem cells Perivascular niche Neuroregeneration Stroke Parkinson's disease |
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