Characterization of HMBP-2, a DNA-binding protein that binds to HIV-1 LTR when only one of the three Sp1 sites is methylated |
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Authors: | Wei Shao |
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Institution: | (1) UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, N.C., USA;(2) SAIC, National Cancer Institute — Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, 21702 Frederick, MD, USA |
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Abstract: | HIV-1 methylation binding protein-1 (HMBP-1) (formerly called HMBP) is a protein found in human cell nuclei that binds with enhanced affinity to a fragment of the HIV-1 long terminal repeat sequence (LTR) containing three Sp1 sites when all three sites are methylated. HMBP-2 is another protein present in the nuclei of human T helper lymphocytes and HeLa cells that binds to the HIV-1 LTR. HMBP-2 binds preferentially to the same region of the HIV-1 LTR as does HMBP-1, but HMBP-2 binds best when only one of the three Sp1 sites is methylated. HMBP-2 can be separated from HMBP-1 chromatographically, and dimethyl sulfate (DMS) methylation interference analysis indicates that their binding sites are not identical. HMBP-2 represents a novel protein factor capable of binding to a partially methylated region of the HIV-1 LTR. |
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Keywords: | HIV-1 LTR HMBP-2 DNA binding DNA methylation Sp1 |
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