Evaluation of the human IgG antibody response to Aedes albopictus saliva as a new specific biomarker of exposure to vector bites |
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Authors: | Doucoure Souleymane Mouchet François Cornelie Sylvie DeHecq Jean Sébastien Rutee Abdul Hamid Roca Yelin Walter Annie Hervé Jean Pierre Misse Dorothée Favier François Gasque Philippe Remoue Franck |
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Institution: | Laboratoire Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contr?le, UMR 224 CNRS/IRD/UM1, Montpellier, France. souleymane.doucoure@ird.fr |
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Abstract: | BackgroundThe spread of Aedes albopictus, a vector for re-emergent arbovirus diseases like chikungunya and dengue, points up the need for better control strategies and new tools to evaluate transmission risk. Human antibody (Ab) responses to mosquito salivary proteins could represent a reliable biomarker for evaluating human-vector contact and the efficacy of control programs.Methodology/Principal FindingsWe used ELISA tests to evaluate specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses to salivary gland extracts (SGE) in adults exposed to Aedes albopictus in Reunion Island. The percentage of immune responders (88%) and levels of anti-SGE IgG Abs were high in exposed individuals. At an individual level, our results indicate heterogeneity of the exposure to Aedes albopictus bites. In addition, low-level immune cross-reactivity between Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti SGEs was observed, mainly in the highest responders.Conclusion/SignificanceAb responses to saliva could be used as an immuno-epidemiological tool for evaluating exposure to Aedes albopictus bites. Combined with entomological and epidemiological methods, a “salivary” biomarker of exposure to Aedes albopictus could enhance surveillance of its spread and the risk of arbovirus transmission, and could be used as a direct tool for the evaluation of Aedes albopictus control strategies. |
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