Physiological tonicity improves human chondrogenic marker expression through nuclear factor of activated T-cells 5 <Emphasis Type="Italic">in vitro</Emphasis> |
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| Authors: | Anna E van der Windt Esther Haak Ruud HJ Das Nicole Kops Tim JM Welting Marjolein MJ Caron Niek P van Til Jan AN Verhaar Harrie Weinans Holger Jahr |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 50, 3015 Rotterdam, GE, The Netherlands;(2) Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, GROW school for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Universiteitssingel 40, 6202 Maastricht, AZ, The Netherlands;(3) Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 50, 3015 Rotterdam, GE, The Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | Introduction Chondrocytes experience a hypertonic environment compared with plasma (280 mOsm) due to the high fixed negative charge density
of cartilage. Standard isolation of chondrocytes removes their hypertonic matrix, exposing them to nonphysiological conditions.
During in vitro expansion, chondrocytes quickly lose their specialized phenotype, making them inappropriate for cell-based regenerative strategies.
We aimed to elucidate the effects of tonicity during isolation and in vitro expansion on chondrocyte phenotype. |
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