Characterization and pharmacological properties of in vitro propagated clones of Echinacea tennesseensis (Beadle) Small |
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| Authors: | Rita M. Moraes Hemant Lata Joko Sumyanto Ana M. S. Pereira Bianca W. Bertoni Vaishali C. Joshi Nirmal D. Pugh Ikhlas A. Khan David S. Pasco |
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| Affiliation: | (1) National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi , University, Oxford, MS 38677, USA;(2) Center of Water and Wetland Resources, The University of Mississippi Field Station, 15 Road 2078, Abbeville, MS 38601, USA;(3) Plant Biotechnology Center, The University of Ribeirao Preto, Av. Costabile Romano 2201, Ribeirao Preto, SP, 14096-380, Brazil;(4) Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Oxford, MS 38677, USA |
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| Abstract: | Tissue culture techniques have been used to establish and maintain a repository of medicinal Echinacea. In vitro clones obtained from hypocotyls of germinated seeds, varied macroscopically, microscopically and exhibited variation in immune enhancing activity. Two in vitro produced clones of Echinacea tennesseensis (Beadle) Small (ETN 03 and ETN 11) were identified as high and low activity based on the activation of human monocytes. Phenotypic analyses of ETN 03 and ETN 11 clones were done using AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) assay. Results of the AFLP assay revealed that no mutation has occurred during in vitro multiplication, storage, and acclimatization into soil. Plants of ETN 03, ETN 11 clones were cultivated for two growing seasons. Extracts of their dry leaves and roots exhibited immune enhancing activity; however, the variation in activity noticed between clones during micropropagation diminished and was no longer statistically relevant. |
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