四倍体水稻花药培养筛选初级三体的研究

以同源四倍体水稻 ( Oryza sativa L.)各世代杂种和四倍体籼、粳原种为材料进行花药培养 ,诱导花粉植株再生。根据三体植株表型上相互区别的特性 ,且又显著区别于二倍体 ,对其中所诱导的 1 5个花药培养品系 4 390株 H1花粉植株进行了重点固定和染色体镜检。结果表明 ,花粉 H1植株染色体组成包括二倍体、四倍体和非整倍体 ,其频率分别为 88.0 %、5 .5 3%和 6.67%。鉴定出 2 72株三体 ,占全部花粉植株的 6.2 0 %。对照已配套三体系的形态 ,将鉴定的三体株划分为 9种类型 ,并对其中的 91 2 4 - 7窄叶三体进行粗线期核型分析 ,鉴定为三体 8。将三体 8的种子播种 ,在 H2 代苗期统计额外染色体的传递率 ,三体株占 34 .1 1 % ,其农艺性状也同于 H1亲代

SELECTION OF PRIMARY TRISOMICS FROM ANTHER CULTURE OF AUTOTETRAPLOID RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.

The hybrids from different generations of autotetraploid rice (Oryza sativa L.) and the original autotetraploid rice (indica and japonica) were used for anther culture,and the pollen plantlets from them were induced. Due to the significant difference on phenotype among the trisomics and between trisomics and diploid,15 lines of 4390 H 1 induced plants were selected for chromosome study. Their PMC meiosis were observed. The results showed that the chromosomes from these plants consisted of 2n, 4n and aneuploids, and their ratios were 88.00%, 5.53% and 6.47% respectively. 272 trisomics from 284 aneuploids were identified,which acounted for 6.20% of all the pollen plants. According to the special characters from the whole set of trisomics, they were classified as 9 types. The 9124 7 trisomics were designated as triplo 8 by the pachytene analysis. Sowing the seeds of triplo 8, the transmission rate of extra chromosome was calculated at the seedling stage of H 2. The rate of trisomic was 34.11% of all plants, the agronomic characters were similar to the H 1 parent plants.