唐古拉山以北地区生态资产核算 |
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引用本文: | 张丽云,郭克疾,李炳章,吕永磊,张路,欧阳志云. 唐古拉山以北地区生态资产核算[J]. 生态学报, 2020, 40(10): 3229-3235 |
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作者姓名: | 张丽云 郭克疾 李炳章 吕永磊 张路 欧阳志云 |
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作者单位: | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 北京 100085;中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;西藏自治区林业厅, 拉萨 850000;西藏自治区林业调查规划研究院, 拉萨 850000 |
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基金项目: | 国家自然科学基金项目(71603251);中国科学院战略先导专项(XDA20020402);西藏重点研发及转化计划项目(西藏唐北地区湿地生态系统评估和保护策略研究) |
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摘 要: | 生态系统核算可以为生态文明建设提供定量性的决策依据,包括生态资产核算和生态系统服务核算两个方面,生态资产指生产和提供生态系统产品和服务的生态系统。以唐古拉山以北地区(简称唐北地区)为研究对象对其生态资产进行了核算,建立生态资产实物量及变化核算表、损益表,提出了生态资产综合指数。2015年唐北地区草地生态资产面积为21800.01 km2,其中良级比重最高达68.46%,湿地生态资产面积为4763.01 km2,其中优级比例最高为59.72%,野生动植物共有138种,其中重点保护动物10种。2015年唐北地区生态资产综合指数为79.77,比2000年降低了3.60%。2000—2015年,湿地、草地生态资产分别增加了164.23、2.82 km2。2000—2015年湿地生态资产存量增加202.90 km2,其中由湿地恢复导致面积增加最大为200.50 km2,存量减少38.63 km2,其中湿地退化是导致存量减少的主要原因,面积为36.23 km...
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关 键 词: | 唐北地区 生态资产 综合指数 |
收稿时间: | 2019-02-22 |
修稿时间: | 2020-01-07 |
Ecological asset accounting in North District of Tanggula Mountain |
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Affiliation: | Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;The Forestry Department of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850000, China;Forestry Survey Planing Institute of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850000, China |
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Abstract: | The ecosystem accounting can offer quantitative evidence for evidence-based decision making in ecological civilization building, including ecological asset accounting and ecosystem services accounting. However, the ecological asset accounting system has not reached a consensus by stakeholders. Ecological asset indicates the ecosystems that provide ecological goods and services. In our study, we took the north district of Tanggula Mountain (Tangbei District for short) as a case to do a comprehensive ecological asset accounting. The biophysical account and changes sheet, profit and loss account sheet were built. We established a composite index of ecological asset. The results revealed that the grassland ecosystems were mainly of good level (68.46%). The wetland ecosystems were mainly of excellent level (59.72%). There were 138 kinds of wild fauna and flora, of which ten were state-level key protected animals. The composite index of ecological asset was 79.77 in 2015 that decreased by 3.60% from 2000 to 2015. During the fifteen years, the ecological assets of wetland ecosystem and grassland ecosystem increased by 164.23 km2 and 2.82 km2, respectively. The wetland asset increased by 202.90 km2 mainly because of wetlands recovery (200.50 km2) and decreased by 38.63 km2 mainly due to wetland degradation (36.23 km2). The grassland ecosystem asset increased by 39.18 km2 that mainly caused by grassland expansion and decreased by 36.26 km2 that mainly caused by wetlands recovery (26.20 km2) and desertification (9.65 km2). The comprehensively accounting system of ecological asset meant a lot to implement outgoing accountability regime so as to build ecological civilization in China. |
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Keywords: | North District of Tanggula Mountain ecological asset composite index |
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