基于选择容量价值的生态补偿标准与自然资源资产价值核算——以珠江水资源供应为例

选择容量价值是指,一项人类生存生产所必需的生态系统服务,其总量为消费该生态系统服务的消费活动所提供的选择自由度(即选择容量,optional capacity)与该消费活动所产生的经济社会价值的乘积。选择容量价值将经济发展状况和资源环境状况融合了起来,实现了经济社会发展与生态环境保护的价值统一,这对于推进保护与发展相辅相成的生态文明建设具有积极意义。为了探索以选择容量价值为指标的生态补偿标准与自然资源资产价值核算框架和核算方法,以珠江流域水资源供应为例,对跨水文单元的水资源供应流动进行了生态补偿核算,对各水文单元的水资源供应的自然资源资产价值进行了量化评估研究。研究结果显示,珠江三角洲地区的水资源供应的选择容量价值大部分(约74%)来自上游水文单元的跨区输入,而上游水文单元所提供的水资源供应的选择容量价值也在相当程度上依赖于下游水文单元的经济社会发展。基于跨区流动的水资源供应的选择容量价值,可以按照"共享共担"和"同工同酬"原则进行跨区生态补偿核算;基于各水文单元所提供的水资源供应的选择容量价值,可以对各单元内自然资源资产价值进行核定,这对于协调区域发展推进西江-珠江经济带流域生态文明...

Quantifying the payments for ecosystem services and the value of natural resources based on the indicator of optional capacity value: a case study on water resources supply in Zhujiang River Basin, China

The ecosystem services (ES) optional capacity value (OCV) indicates the optional capacity of supporting the total value produced by human being''s economic and social activities (TVPH) provided by the total volume of an ES which is indispensable to human survival. The OCV is described by the product of multiplying the TVPH by the optional capacity. The optional capacity is defined by the freedom of choosing the ES consumption from total ES volume, which is indicated by the average uncertainty of choosing the ES consumption from its total volume. The average uncertainty is described by log base 2, which indicates the uncertainty in a binary decision and is measured in bits. As combining the socio-economic index (i.e. TVPH) and the ES indexes (i.e. total ES volume and ES consumption), the OCV indicates the socio-economic conditions and the ES conditions at the same time. As the OCV describes the complementarity of development and protection, the usage of OCV in ES management will promote the endeavor for ecological civilization. However, how to introduce the OCV into management practice is still unclear. Especially, the method of how to introduce OCV into the frameworks and methods of quantifying the payments for ecosystem services (PES) and the value of natural resources (VNR) is needed to study urgently. To explore the frameworks and methods of quantifying the PES and the VNR based on the indicator of OCV, we analyzed the OCV of water resources supply in Zhujiang River Basin, China. Then, the PES between hydrologic units was discussed based on the OCV of ES spatial subsidies. The value of water resources in each hydrologic unit was quantified using the OCV of water resources supply. The results showed that the OCV of water resources supply of the hydrologic unit was supplied mostly (nearly 74%) by the subsidies from upstream hydrologic units. The value of water resources in each hydrologic unit (except the Zhujiang Delta) was more or less affected by the socio-economic conditions in downstream hydrologic units. We discussed the framework of the PES along with the principles of (1) interests sharing and responsibilities bearing, and (2) equal pay for equal work and based on the OCV of water resources supply of passing-by water. We also discussed the framework of water resources value quantification based on the OCV of water resources supply in our case study. It is obvious that these two frameworks based on the OCV will coordinate the development between hydrologic units and promote the watershed ecological civilization of Zhujiang River Basin.