基于地貌类型的中国东海大陆海岸带景观动态分析

基于东海地貌信息数据和6期景观数据,研究1990—2015年东海大陆海岸带地貌类型与景观动态变化特征,分析各地貌类型下景观格局时空分布规律。结果表明:(1)东海海岸带以丘陵地貌为主,其次是小起伏山地、平原、台地和中起伏山地。景观类型林地占主导,其次为耕地和建设用地。(2)平原、台地和丘陵地貌景观变化以耕地转为建设用地为主,小和中起伏山地则以草地转林地为主。(3)不同地貌单元下的景观变化剧烈程度依次为:平原台地丘陵小起伏山地中起伏山地,2005—2015年景观变化叠合度小于1990—2005年,景观变化剧烈程度下降。(4)地貌类型对景观分维数和稳定性指数影响差异较大,平原上水域分维数值最大,台地和丘陵耕地分维数最大,小起伏山地未利用地分维数最大,中起伏山地建设用地分维数最大,稳定性指数相反。耕地在海拔较低的地貌类型中趋于稳定,林地和草地多分布在海拔较高丘陵和山地,水域和建设用地在平原地区分维数最大,稳定性更强。

Dynamic analysis of coastal landscape in China's East China Sea based on landform types

Based on the landform information data and six phases of landscape data of the East China Sea, the landform types and landscape dynamics of the continental coast of the East China Sea were studied from 1990 to 2015, and the temporal and spatial distribution of landscape patterns under various topographical types were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) the landform type of the East China Sea coast was dominated by hilly landforms, followed by small rolling hills, plain, platform and medium rolling hills. The forest land was a dominated landscape type, followed by cultivated land and construction land. (2) The change of plain, platform and hilly landforms was mainly based on the conversion of cultivated land to construction land, while the small and medium rolling hills were mainly grassland to forest land. (3) The intensity of landscape change under different geomorphological units was in order of plain > platform > hills > small rolling hills > medium rolling hills. The degree of landscape change in 2005-2015 was less than that in 1990-2005, and the intensity of landscape changes was decreasing. (4) The landform type had great influence on the fractal dimension and stability index of the landscape. The fractal dimension of the waters was the largest in the plain. The fractal dimension of the cultivated land was the largest in the platform and hills, while the dimension of the small rolling hills was the largest in the unused land. The construction land had the largest fractal dimension and the opposite stability index. The cultivated land tended to be stable in low-lying landform types. Forest land and grassland were mostly distributed in hills and mountainous areas with higher elevations. The water area and construction land had the largest fractal dimension and stronger stability in the plain.