Etho-biochemical mechanisms of early differentiation in juveniles of the Atlantic salmon <Emphasis Type="Italic">Salmo salar</Emphasis> |
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Authors: | D S Pavlov V V Kostin I V Nechaev N I Shindavina V Ya Nikandrov |
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Institution: | 1.Institute of Ecology and Evolution,Russian Academy of Sciences,Moscow,Russia;2.Russian Federal Selection-Genetic Center of Fish Culture,Ropsha,Russia |
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Abstract: | The social status of hatchery-reared juveniles of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar at the age of 11–19 months in conditions of lack of shelters was investigated experimentally. It was demonstrated that biochemical
differentiation in such juveniles begins at the age of 13 months—one month before the first differences in the social status
of fish and four months prior to the beginning of smoltification. The dominants occupy bottom areas with shelters and extrude
the subordinates to the water column. The subordinates undergo smoltification or die from aggression of the dominants. Concentrations
of dopamine, noradrenalin, and of their metabolites in the brain of fish in the beginning of smoltification were higher in
the dominants and, by the end of smoltification, were higher in smolts. The social behavior of fish is considered to be one
of the ethological mechanisms of differentiation of salmon juveniles into smolts and parr. |
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