Relaxation training as a treatment for chronic headaches in an individual having severe developmental disabilities

We have assessed effects of a simplified relaxation training on the frequency of headaches and consumption of analgesic headache medication in an adult male with severe developmental disabilities as well as chronic mixed headaches. The subject received Behavioral Relaxation Training (BRT) after a baseline period during which frequency of headache complaint, analgesic medication consumption, and independent relaxation behaviors were monitored. BRT consists of the utilization of modeling, prompting, feedback, and positive reinforcement in order to establish and maintain the subject's participation in 10 overt relaxed postures. The behaviors were learned to at least an 80% proficiency during a 10-minute alternating self-regulatory (1 min)/corrective feedback (1 min) relaxation phase across several sessions. Headache complaints were reduced by 48% and analgesic medication consumption by 51% as assessed during a 2-month posttreatment evaluation. These results should be considered not only as support of BRT as a viable method of relaxation training but also as a suggestion that BRT and other self-regulatory treatment should be considered for use with individuals having moderate to severe developmental disabilities.