鲿科八种鱼类同工酶和骨骼特征分析及系统演化的探讨(鲇形目:鲿科)

本文对鲿科Bagridae共4属8种鱼类进行了骨骼系统的研究，并对8种鱼的同工酶谱型进行了分析比较。应用分支系统学原理初步推导出鲿后两者之间。演化趋势表现为身体渐扁，逐渐平展，口渐阔，尾鳍从圆形到叉状进化。对鲿科8种鱼的鳍、肌肉、肝脏、肾脏、心脏、眼的晶状体和脑等7种组织4种同工酶（LDHMDHESADH）的谱型分析表明，8种鱼之间的亲缘关系与形态学特征分析结果相吻合，说明了生化分类和经典分类的一致性。

STUDIES ON ISOZYMES, SKELETON CHARACTERS OF EIGHT BAGRID CATFISHES AND COMMENTS ON PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIP (SILURIFORMES: BAGRIDAE)

This paper studies on the skeleton of eight species of four genera of Bagridae(Pelteoba- grus fulvidrco, P. eupogon, P. vachelli, P. nitidus, Leiocassis crassilabris, Pseudobagrus tenuis, P. truncatus and Mystus guttatus ), and deals with isozymes analysis of eight species of Bagridae. Based on the principles of cladistic systematics, phylogenetic cladogram of the close relationship between Bagridae is given. The cladogram indicates that among the fishes of four genera, Mystus is the most advanced group, Pelteobagrus takes the second place, Leiocassis is the most primitive one. Pseudobagrus is between the latter two groups. The evolutionary trends of Bagridae are towards flat skull, wide mouth, elongated body form, short supraoccipital spine and forked caudal fin. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Malate dehydrogenase (MDH), Esterase (ES) and Al- cohol dehydrogenase (ADH) isozymes of seven tissues of fin, muscle, liver, kidney, eye and brain in eight species of Bagridae were analysed by LKB horizontal acrylamid-gel elec- trophoresis. The result shows that the biochemical system basically agree with the result of systematic studies based on the morphological and anatomical characteristics. The former gives out the evidence for the classical system in molecular lever.