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Elemental and metabolite profiling of nickel hyperaccumulators from New Caledonia
Institution:1. Metabolomics Australia, School of Botany, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia;2. School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia;3. Centre de Recherche de Gif, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France;1. Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, Université de Lorraine, UMR 1120, 2 avenue de la Forêt de Haye, TSA 40602, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, F-54518, France;2. INRA, Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, UMR 1120, 2 avenue de la Forêt de Haye, TSA 40602, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, F-54518, France;3. Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, Université de Lorraine, UMR 1121, 2 avenue de la Forêt de Haye, TSA 40602, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, F-54518, France;4. INRA, Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, UMR 1121, 2 avenue de la Forêt de Haye, TSA 40602, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, F-54518, Frances;5. UMR SAVE (1065), INRA/Bordeaux Sciences Agro, 71 Avenue Edouard Bourlaux, CS 20032, Villenave d’Ornon, F-33882, France;1. Laboratoire de Chimie Bio-inspirée et d''Innovations Ecologiques, ChimEco, UMR 5021 CNRS – UM, Cap Delta, 1682 Rue de la Valsière, 34790 Grabels, France;2. Institut Européen des Membranes, UMR 5635, CC 047, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France;3. Institut Charles Gerhardt de Montpellier, UMR 5253 CNRS-UM-ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, Place E. Bataillon, Bât 17, CC 1701, 34095 Montpellier, France;1. Public Monitoring Center for Agro-product of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China;2. Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China;3. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China;4. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, 510275, PR China;5. Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, INRA-Université de Lorraine, 2 avenue de la Forêt de Haye, TSA 40602, F-54518, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cédex, France
Abstract:Leaf material from nine Ni hyperaccumulating species was collected in New Caledonia: Homalium kanaliense (Vieill.) Briq., Casearia silvana Schltr, Geissois hirsuta Brongn. & Gris, Hybanthus austrocaledonicus Seem, Psychotria douarrei (G. Beauvis.) Däniker, Pycnandra acuminata (Pierre ex Baill.) Swenson & Munzinger (syn Sebertia acuminata Pierre ex Baill.), Geissois pruinosa Brongn. & Gris, Homalium deplanchei (Viell) Warb. and Geissois bradfordii (H.C. Hopkins). The elemental concentration was determined by inductively-coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and from these results it was found that the species contained Ni concentrations from to 250–28,000 mg/kg dry mass. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC–MS)-based metabolite profiling was then used to analyse leaves of each species. The aim of this study was to target Ni-binding ligands through correlation analysis of the metabolite levels and leaf Ni concentration. Approximately 258 compounds were detected in each sample. As has been observed before, a correlation was found between the citric acid and Ni concentrations in the leaves for all species collected. However, the strongest Ni accumulator, P. douarrei, has been found to contain particularly high concentrations of malonic acid, suggesting an additional storage mechanism for Ni. A size exclusion chromatography separation protocol for the separation of Ni-complexes in P. acuminata sap was also applied to aqueous leaf extracts of each species. A number of metabolites were identified in complexes with Ni including Ni-malonate from P. douarrei. Furthermore, the levels for some metabolites were found to correlate with the leaf Ni concentration. These data show that Ni ions can be bound by a range of small molecules in Ni hyperaccumulation in plants.
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