石油污染土壤生物修复过程中微生物生态研究

石油是重要的工业原料 ,同时又是燃料与能源。随着工业的发展 ,需求量大幅度增加 ,使得开采面积不断扩大 ,在开采、运输、贮藏、加工过程中 ,由于意外事故或管理不当 ,排放到农田、地下水、海洋 ,使环境遭受石油污染 ,直接危害人类生产与生活10 ] 。石油主要成份有烷烃、苯、甲苯、二甲苯等多种复杂芳香烃 ,这些物质毒性大 ,有的有致癌、致突变等作用 ,因此被列为重要污染物11] 。石油对土壤的污染主要是破坏土壤结构 ,影响土壤通透性。损害植物根部 ,阻碍根的呼吸与吸收 ,最终导致植物死亡。其次 ,污染物进入食物链造成人体损伤。鉴于以…

Microbiological Ecology during Bioremediation for Oil Contaminated Soil

The analysis on microbiological ecology for four types of oil contaminates soils showed that the bacteria utilizing the oil as carbon sources increase,wheras the fugi become less .Zooloea and Bacillu are the dominant bacteria ; Mocor and Cunninghamella ,and Fursarium are the dominant fungi streptomyces take the superiority among the actinomyces.The anaiysis on esterase activity showed that the microbes above mentioned have abilies of degrading esters. The biodeg radationrates are 55.45%,56.74%,38.37% and 45.19%respectively,after 53 days,the biodegradation rate can be increased by 12.6% when the dominant microbes are added.