Translocation of Calcium in Relation to Tomato Fruit Growth |
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Authors: | EHRET, DAVID L. HO, LIM C. |
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Affiliation: | Glasshouse Crops Research Institute Littlehampton, West Sussex BN17 6LP, UK |
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Abstract: | Regulation of the uptake and distribution of calcium in thetomato plant was investigated in plants grown in recirculatingnutrient solutions at electrical conductivities of 2,7,12 and17 millisiemens (mS). Despite an increased calcium content inthe nutrient solution at high conductivity (717 mS),the accumulation of calcium by fruit was progressively reducedby increasing salinity, particularly in the distal half. Theincidence of blossom-end rot in fruit (BER) also increased withsalinity. The uptake of water and 45Ca by plants was substantially reducedin the high salinity treatment (17 mS) and, to a lesser extent,by high relative humidity (90 per cent r.h. at 20 °C). Further,the translocation of 45Ca from roots to shoots was reduced byhigh salinity, while the percentage distribution of 45Ca tothe apex was reduced by high humidity. Only approx. 2 per centof the 45Ca taken up by a plant was imported by the truss. The uptake of 45Ca and its distribution among pedicel, calyxand berry by detached fruit in 24 h showed that fruit from highsalinity plants had a reduced uptake and a lower accumulationof 45 Ca in the berry than in the calyx. In addition, plants grown at high conductivity had a lower rateof xylem sap exudation from decapitated plants. The fruit ofthese plants had a smaller xylem cross-sectional area in thefruit pedicel and a smaller calyx than those of the low conductivitytreatment. Calcium, translocation, tomato, fruit, blossom-end rot |
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