Influence of retinoids and EGF on growth of embryonic mouse palatal epithelia in culture |
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Authors: | Barbara D Abbott Robert M Pratt |
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Institution: | (1) Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 27709 Research Triangle Park, North Carolina |
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Abstract: | Summary Retinoids and growth factors seem to be important for normal mammalian reproduction and development. High levels of retinoic
acid are teratogenic and induce cleft palate in the mouse. Little is known concerning the mechanisms through which retinoids
induce cleft palate. Palatal epithelia from CD-1 embryonic mice on Day 12 of gestation were isolated from the mesenchyme and
cultured in serum-free media, with all-trans retinoic acid or 13-cis retinoic acid, with or without epidermal growth factor
(EGF). The epithelia attached and grew, and the cells differentiated over a 72-h culture period. Binding of 125I]EGF was observed in all cultures in a pattern that correlated with thymidine (TdR) uptake by the epithelia. EGF enhanced
growth and 3H]TdR incorporation of the oral cells, but nasal cells generally did not proliferate. In this culture system, both retinoids
suppressed 3H]TdR incorporation in a concentration-dependent manner for epithelia cultured with or without EGF. Medial cells are important
to normal palatogenesis as they play a role in fusion of opposing shelves and subsequently many of these cells undergo programmed
cell death. Death of medial cells in vitro is prevented by EGF and by the retinoids, either with or without EGF. This response
occurs in the absence of a mesenchymal interaction, suggesting that the medial cell response to EGF and retinoids is not mediated
by or dependent on the mesenchymal tissues. The survival of medial cells may be responsible for the failure of opposing shelves
to fuse. |
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Keywords: | retinoids epidermal growth factor embryonic palate epithelial differentiation |
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