Evaluation of the extent of genetic variability among Theobroma cacao accessions using RAPD and RFLP markers |
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Authors: | E Lerceteau T Robert V Pétiard D Crouzillat |
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Institution: | (1) Centre R&D Nestlé, 101 avenue Gustave Eiffel, Notre Dame d’Oé, BP9716, 37097 Tours Cedex 2, France, FR;(2) Université Paris Sud XI – CNRS (URA 1492), Laboratoire d’Evolution et Systématique des Végétaux, Bat: 362, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France, FR |
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Abstract: | Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers were used to evaluate
genetic relationships within the Theobroma cacao species and to assess the organization of its genetic diversity. Genetic variability was estimated with 18 primers and 43
RFLP probes on 155 cocoa trees belonging to different morphological groups and coming from various geographic origins. The
majority of the RFLP probes issued from low-copy DNA sequences. On the basis of on the genetic distance matrices, the two
molecular methods gave related estimates of the genetic relationship between genotypes. Although an influence of cocoa morphological
groups and geographical origins of trees was observed, a lack of gene differentiation characterized the T. cacao accessions studied. The continuous RFLP variability observed within the species may reflect the hybridization and introgressions
between trees of different origins. Nevertheless, the Nacional type was detected to be genetically specific and different
from well-known types such as Forastero, Criollo and Trinitario. Some of those genotypes were characterized by a low heterozygosity
rate and may constitute the original Nacional pool. These results also provide information for the constitution of a cocoa
tree core collection.
Received: 10 June 1996/Accepted: 11 October 1996 |
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Keywords: | Theobroma cacao RFLP RAPD Genetic diversity |
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