垂直监测昆虫雷达研究进展

昆虫雷达可以远距离、 大范围、 快速地探测迁飞昆虫， 这极大促进了人类对昆虫迁飞行为的认识。垂直监测昆虫雷达技术是从20世纪70年代发展起来的一种监测高空迁飞昆虫种群的新工具。与传统的扫描雷达相比， 垂直监测昆虫雷达可以获得目标的位移速度、 位移方向、 定向、 体型大小和形状等参数， 因此， 对目标的识别能力更为精确。此外， 垂直监测昆虫雷达实现了在微机控制下的自动运行， 这使得应用昆虫雷达开展迁飞昆虫的日常监测成为可能。本文综述了垂直监测昆虫雷达的发展和应用， 介绍了设计原理和回波参数的解算方法， 讨论了其存在的不足及改进方案， 最后并对其在未来昆虫雷达网络建设中的应用进行了展望。

Progress in vertical-looking insect monitoring radar

Entomological radar enables us to visualize individual insects from great distances and to scan huge volumes very rapidly, which contribute much to our understanding of insect migration. Vertical-looking insect monitoring radar (VLR) was developed as a new tool for monitoring high-altitude insect migration in the 1970s. In contrast to the early entomological scanning radar, VLR can provide information about the displacement speed and direction, heading orientation, size and shape of targets. Therefore, VLR has more precise capacity in target identification. Furthermore, VLR systems allow continuous and autonomous monitoring of pest migrations under the control of microcomputer, and this make it practicable to carry out routine monitoring with VLRs. In this article, the history of VLR technologies, their configurations and procedures for signal analysis are reviewed, the limitations and related suggestions are discussed, and finally the perspective of using VLRs in future insect monitoring network is presented.