海洋赤潮水色遥感技术研究进展

海洋水色遥感已成为赤潮探测与监测的重要技术手段之一。文章回顾了赤潮卫星遥感技术的发展历程,阐述了水色遥感的原理--水体的离水辐射及其光谱特征。着重论述了高光谱卫星在赤潮水色遥感中的作用,通过大气校正减少大气和气溶胶对遥感信息的衰减,同时就赤潮发生的海洋学机理进行了探讨。综合分析后指出中分辨率成像光谱辐射计(MODIS)作为图谱合一的新一代卫星传感器将在赤潮的卫星监测研究中发挥及其重要的作用。并对今后赤潮遥感的主攻方向提出了一些建议:拓宽遥感数据来源,与地理信息系统技术结合及加强赤潮的预警研究等。

Advances in remote sensing of harmful algal blooms

Remote sensing has become one of the most important tools to detect and monitor harmful algal blooms(HABs) events in coastal waters.This paper reviews the recent progress on satellite remote sensing techniques for HAB detection and monitoring,especially the hyperspectral remote sensing.Because the signals detected by the satellite sensors can be significantly affected by atmospheric attenuation or clouds,the atmospheric correction is necessary.In atmospheric correction process,the water-leaving irradiance(Lw) was derived and atmosphere and ocean surface effects were removed.At the same time,the oceanographic studies of HAB were conducted.The authors suggest that the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS) data provide an unprecedented tool for researchers and managers to study and monitor HAB in coastal environments.Finally,three key points for developing the application are proposed,(1) assimilating multi-sources remote sensing data,including microwave data and multi-temporal optical data,(2) combining Geographic Information System techniques to HAB monitoring,and(3) enhancing the research for HAB early warning.