Effect of humic acids on the inhibition of pea choline esterase and choline acyltransferase with malathion |
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Authors: | Rita Malini de Almeida F Pospíšil Květa Vacková M Kutáček |
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Institution: | (1) Institute of Experimental Botany, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Na Karlovce 1, 160 00 Praha 6, Czechoslovakia;(2) Institute of Experimental Botany, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Ke dvoru 15, 166 30 Praha 6, Czechoslovakia |
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Abstract: | Humic acids in a concentration of up to 100 μg ml-1 affect the activity of choline esterase of pea only weakly during sinapin (choline ester of sinapic acid) hydrolysis. The
inhibition is stronger at higher concentrations. A similar course of inhibition with humic acids was also observed during
the synthesis of sinapin catalysed with choline acyltransferase present in the same enzyme extract. The organophosphate malathion
is a strong inhibitor of both the hydrolysis and the synthesis of sinapin. Thus, for example, at a 3.5 × 10-5 M concentration it causes 85% inhibition of pea choline esterase. However, in combination with 100 μg of humic acids this
inhibition decreases to about 8%. It was observed that humic acids prevent the inhibition of both the hydrolysis and the synthesis
of sinapin with malathion even at low concentrations. The interaction of the organophosphate malathion with humic acids seems
specific. Humic acids do not affect the inhibition of choline esterase with physostigmine or the inhibition of the hydrolysis
and the synthesis of sinapin with chlorocholine chloride, alar and hexamine either. This is also true of the activation of
the processes with the K+ ions. Humic acids represent competitive inhibitors of choline esterase. Malathion shows an acompetitive — noncompetitive
character of the inhibition. The interaction of humic acids with malathion in the roots of the plants may also be assumed
in the soil when malathion is applied as an insecticide. |
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