马尾松毛虫性信息素在不同类型诱芯中的稳定性

顺5，反7-十二碳二烯醇、顺5，反7-十二碳二烯乙酸酯和顺5，反7-十二碳二烯丙酸酯是马尾松毛虫Dendrolimus punctatus性信息素的主要成分。为研究如何减少上述共轭二烯信息素成分中的几何构型异构化和氧化的发生，作者制备了几种不同剂型的诱芯并进行了田间诱蛾试验。与常用的天然橡胶诱芯相比，诱芯中加入抗氧化剂（topanol CA）、提高性信息素的纯度、每5天重新更换诱芯及将载体换为硅橡胶等处理均不能明显提高诱芯的诱蛾效果，然而载体为复合橡胶（氯化丁基橡胶和天然橡胶的混合体）的诱芯诱蛾效率比天然橡胶诱芯提高了1倍以上。田间试验后，用毛细柱气相色谱对不同类型诱芯中残留的信息素及其异构体的分析结果显示：复合橡胶诱芯中只有12%～16%的不同信息素成分发生了异构化，而在天然橡胶诱芯中此值高达69%～87%。而且前者中信息素及其异构体的剩余量是后者的4倍。这些结果表明，复合橡胶诱芯之所以具有较高的诱效，主要由于在这种诱芯中，共轭二烯信息素更稳定，释放速率较为缓慢且均匀。

A study on stability of Dendrolimus punctatus sex pheromone in different types of baits

The sex pheromone components of Dendrolimus punctatus consists of （Z，E）-5，7-dodecadienyl，（Z，E）-5，7-dodecadienyl acetate and （Z，E）-5，7-dodecadienyl propionate．To reduce isomerization and oxidation of above conjugated diene compounds，pheromone baits of different formulations and substrates were made and tested for their trapping efficiency in the field．In the 19 day-test，the trapping efficiency of natural rubber baits did not increase even if they were replaced every 5 days．Similar results were obtained with silicon rubber baits．Moreover，other baits such as adding an antioxidant （topanol CA）or a high purified pheromone did not give better trapping efficiency than the natural rubber ones．However，the baits formulated with compounded rubber septa attracted males twice as many as that by the natural rubber bait. After the field test， only 12%～16% of the pheromone components were isomerized in the compounded rubber baits，while 69%～87% isomerization occurred in the natural rubber baits．The residues of pheromone components and their isomers in the compounded rubber baits were four times as much as that in the natural rubber baits．These data suggest that higher trapping efficiency of the pheromone baits formulated by compounded rubber septa was due to the increase in the stability of the pheromone conjugated diene components and the lower but more constant releasing rate of the pheromone in these dispensers．