人体上呼吸道口喉呼吸流涡结构演化对病毒气溶胶扩散的影响研究

揭示涡结构演化对病毒气溶胶扩散的影响作用,对于有效防治呼吸道疾病具有非常重要的意义.本文运用大涡模拟的方法,对人体在循环呼吸模式下口喉模型内的涡结构演化及气溶胶扩散进行了数值仿真研究,分析了口喉模型内涡结构演化过程以及气溶胶扩散状态.结果表明：受呼吸流涡结构演化的影响,颗粒轨迹主要分布在上气道内涡量集中的区域;受横向涡结构和纵向涡结构的共同影响,部分病毒气溶胶颗粒具备了混合有环状轨迹和波状轨迹的螺旋状轨迹.本研究从微观角度揭示了涡结构演化与气溶胶扩散行为的关系,为深入认识病毒气溶胶上呼吸道传播特点提供了新的途径.

Influence of Vortex Evolution in Human Mouth and Throat to the Diffusion of Virus Aerosol

Revealing the influential action of vortex evolution in human upper respiratory tract on diffusion of virus aerosol has great significance for the prevention and treatment of respiratory tract diseases. Large eddy simulation was used to simulate the vortex structure and the diffusion of virus aerosol in human mouth-throat model in cyclic respiratory pattern, and the vortex evolution in mouth-throat model with the trajectories of aerosol particles was discussed in this paper. The results show that the trajectories of virus aerosol particles congregate in regions with higher airflow vorticity affected by the vortex evolution in mouth-throat model. Due to the joint influence of transverse and longitudinal vortex, the helicoidal trajectories combined annular and wavy trajectories of aerosol particles appear in the model. This study disclosed the relationship between the vortex evolution and the diffusion of aerosol in human mouth and throat from the microcosmic angle, which provides a new way for deepening understanding of the propagating characteristics of virus aerosol in human upper respiratory tract.