四种基质表面上常规杀虫剂对四纹豆象的药效评价（英文）

在害虫治理中， 在消费或贮藏粮食加工产品的建筑设施或场所进行害虫防治需要将杀虫剂施用在各种基质表面上。为了测定不同基质表面上杀虫剂的药效， 将四纹豆象Callosobruchus maculatus (F.)成虫接触田间推荐剂量的阿维菌素、 溴氰菊酯和毒死蜱。结果表明： 施用在玻璃、 瓷砖、 塑料和纸盘表面上， 阿维菌素对四纹豆象成虫的致死率分别为63.33%, 22.41%, 12.9%和11.9%， 而溴氰菊酯在这4种基质表面上对四纹豆象成虫的致死率分别为 55%, 44.2%, 41.3%和 37.4%。在所有基质表面上接触毒死蜱， 四纹豆象成虫的死亡率均为100%。对数据进行的Probit 分析表明， 毒死蜱制剂在玻璃、 瓷砖、 塑料和纸盘上对四纹豆象成虫 的LC₅₀ 值分别为 8.66, 13.6, 29.16和 56.5 μg/mL, 阿维菌素制剂的相应数值分别为119.4, 446.2, 774.2 和 836.4 μg/mL， 溴氰菊酯制剂的相应数值分别为 1 008, 1 131, 1 210和 1 336 μg/mL。据此推断， 毒死蜱对四纹豆象的毒性最强， 且在玻璃、 瓷砖、 塑料和纸盘表面上的毒性依次降低。

Evaluation of the effectiveness of conventional insecticides against the cowpea weevil,Callosobruchus maculatus(Coleoptera:Bruchidae),on four different substrate surfaces

In pest management programs,the control of pests in structural facilities or sites,where processed food products are consumed or stored,requires the application of insecticides upon a variety of substrate surfaces.In order to determine the insecticidal effectiveness on different substrate surfaces,adults of the cowpea weevil,Callosobruchus maculatus(F.),were exposed to field recommended concentrations of chlorpyrifos,abamectin and deltamethrin insecticides.The results showed that abamectin caused mortality rates of 63.33%,22.41%,12.9% and 11.9% while deltamethrin caused mortality rates of 55%,44.2%,41.3% and 37.4% on glass,ceramic tile,plastic and paper disc surfaces,respectively.Exposures to chlorpyrifos led to 100% mortality in all surfaces.Probit analysis of data showed that LC50 values were 8.66,13.6,29.16 and 56.5 μg/mL for chlorpyrifos,119.4,446.2,774.2 and 836.4 μg/mL for abamectin,and 1 008,1 131,1 210 and 1 336 μg/mL for deltamethrin on the glass,ceramic tile,plastic and paper disc surfaces,respectively,based on formulated materials.It is concluded that chlorpyrifos is the most toxic insecticide to the cowpea weevil,but that its toxicity was reduced in the glass,ceramic tile,plastic and paper disc surfaces in sequence.