血脑屏障与脑血管疾病的相关研究

血脑屏障（blood brain barrier，BBB）的主要结构包括：脑毛细血管内皮细胞及其间的紧密连接（tight junction,TJ）、基底膜、基 底膜下星型胶质细胞终足。血脑屏障是存在于血液和脑组织之间的一层屏障系统，在许多大脑疾患的病理过程中，BBB 的破坏导 致通透性增高都是不可避免的一个环节。BBB是保证中枢神经系统的正常生理功能的重要屏障系统。目前已有大量关于血脑屏 障通透性在脑血管疾病中的变化研究。本文分别从血脑屏障的结构和功能，药物通过血脑屏障的方法和功能，脑缺血损伤、阿尔 茨海默病、帕金森病和多发性硬化症等不同的脑病变与血脑屏障通透性的变化及中医药应用等方面做一综述。有针对性地对 BBB和大脑疾病进行进一步的研究与探索，将会为临床治疗相关疾病带来新的视角与机遇。

Research Progression of Blood Brain Barrier in Cerebrovascular Diseases

The blood brain barrier (BBB) consists of capillary endothelium with tight junctions between cells, basilar membrane and astrocytes. It is a barrier between the blood and brain tissue system, in many pathological process of brain disease, and the increase of the permeability is an inevitable process of BBB destruction. BBB is an important barrier system to ensure physiological function of the central nervous system. There are a lot of studies on blood brain barrier changes in cerebrovascular diseases. In this paper, we reviewed respectively the structure and function of BBB, the methods that the drug penetrate through the blood brain barrier, the permeability changes in brain ischemia, Alzheimer''s disease, Parkinson''s disease and multiple sclerosis and traditional Chinese medicine application. Targeted for further research on BBB and cerebrovascular diseases, will bring new opportunities and perspectives for clinical treatment of related diseases.