地下水生态系统健康评价指标体系的构建

地下水生态系统是重要的生态系统类型,由于地下水资源不合理的开发利用和污染物排放强度的增大、并长期积累,已导致许多地方产生生态环境劣变,甚至酿成难以弥补的严重后果,地下水生态系统健康问题已经成为许多国家和地区重点关注的环境问题之一.在科学把握地下水生态系统健康的概念和内涵的基础上,从系统结构特征、生态功能、资源功能、系统保护以及社会环境等5个方面选取了29个典型指标构建了地下水生态系统健康指标体系,对关键评价指标的意义进行了具体分析.出于服务于地下水生态系统健康评价的目的,对重要指标的评价标准进行了划分,并探讨了地下水生态系统健康评价的主要方法及发展方向,研究成果在一定程度上可以丰富生态系统健康评价研究理论与方法体系.

Construction of evaluation index system for groundwater ecosystem health assessment

Though groundwater eco-systems are considered to be an important type of eco-system, there have been large amounts of environmental and ecological deterioration where groundwater recourses are tapped unreasonably and accumulating contamination intensity has grown more intense. Those actions can have irreparable consequences. The ecological state of groundwater has been under discussion in many countries and regions. Therefore, in order to address the concept and meaning of groundwater eco-health from a scientific point-of-view, the author selected twenty-nine typical indicators to serve as a system of evaluation among which structural features, ecological function, function of resources, system protection and social environment were under consideration. At the same time, the content and significance of key indicators were also well-analyzed. In order to improve that assessment, some main indicators were arranged into different categories, and tentative studies on assessment method as well as developmental direction were carried out. As a result, this research may, to some extent, enrich the theories and methods regarding the health of ecological system.