Neurobiology of glaucomatous optic neuropathy: diverse cellular events in neurodegeneration and neuroprotection |
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Authors: | Wax Martin B Tezel Gülgün |
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Institution: | (1) Pharmacia Corporation, 700 Chesterfield Parkway, AA2A, 63138 St. Louis, MO;(2) Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO;(3) Department of Opthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY |
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Abstract: | Although glaucomatous optic nerve degeneration is a leading cause of worldwide blindness, neither the precise cellular mechanisms
underlying neurodegeneration in glaucoma, nor effective strategies for neuroprotection are yet clear. This review focuses
on diverse cellular events associated with glaucomatous neurodegeneration whose balance is critical for determination of ultimate
cell fate. An improved understanding of the site of primary injury to optic nerve, the mediator pathways of apoptotic cell
death and intrinsic protection mechanisms in retinal ganglion cells, the role of glial activation on the survival and death
of retinal ganglion cell bodies and their axons, and the protective and destructive consequences of immune system involvement
can facilitate development of effective neuroprotective strategies in glaucoma. |
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Keywords: | Apoptosis glaucoma neurodegeneration neuroprotection retinal ganglion cells |
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