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Mitochondrial morphology and function impaired by dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethyl Formamide
Authors:" target="_blank">Long Ma  Jia-Xin Dong  Wen-Rong Fu  Xue-Yi Li  Jing Chen  Yi Liu
Institution:1.State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences,Wuhan University,Wuhan,People’s Republic of China;2.State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin,People’s Republic of China;3.College of Life Science,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin,People’s Republic of China
Abstract:In this work, the effects of two non-ionic, non-hydroxyl organic solvents, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and dimethyl formamide (DMF) on the morphology and function of isolated rat hepatic mitochondria were investigated and compared. Mitochondrial ultrastructures impaired by DMSO and DMF were clearly observed by transmission electron microscopy. Spectroscopic and polarographic results demonstrated that organic solvents induced mitochondrial swelling, enhanced the permeation to H+/K+, collapsed the potential inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM), and increased the IMM fluidity. Moreover, with organic solvents addition, the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) was broken, accompanied with the release of Cytochrome c, which could activate cell apoptosis signaling pathway. The role of DMSO and DMF in enhancing permeation or transient water pore formation in the mitochondrial phospholipid bilayer might be the main reason for the mitochondrial morphology and function impaired. Mitochondrial dysfunctions induced by the two organic solvents were dose-dependent, but the extents varied. Ethanol (EtOH) showed the highest potential damage on the mitochondrial morphology and functions, followed by DMF and DMSO.
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