几种农作物细胞质雄性不育恢复基因的定位和分子标记研究进展

利用杂种优势提高作物产量时，生产杂交种的主要授粉控制系统是细胞质雄性不育及其恢复系统。在杂交品种的选育过程中，优良恢复系选育至关重要。为了高效并准确地鉴定选择恢复材料，同时更深入地研究恢复基因的作用机理，近年来植物细胞质雄性不育恢复基因分子标记研究受到了广泛重视。本文综述了主要农作物水稻、油菜、小麦、棉花和玉米等细胞质雄性不育类型恢复基因的定位和分子标记研究进展，并讨论了恢复基因的精确定位和分子标记鉴定在基因克隆和分子标记辅助选择育种中的意义和应用前景。

Molecular Mapping and Markers for Fertility Restorer Genes of Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Major Crops

Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) and its restoration are a main pollination control system for hybrid seed production in the application of heterosis. The development of elite fertility restorer lines is essential for selecting a hybrid combination with high heterosis. In recent years, mapping and identification of molecular markers associated with fertility restorer genes have gained much attention for efficiency of restorer selection as well as understanding the restorer gene function. This paper reviews the progress in the molecular mapping and development of molecular markers for CMS restoration genes in agronomically important crops, including rice, wheat, rapeseed, cotton and maize. The prospects of fine mapping and marker identification of fertility restorer genes for gene cloning and marker-assisted selection in molecular breeding of hybrids are discussed.