Removal of a non-climatically induced seven-year cycle from Nothofagus pumilio tree-ring width chronologies from Tierra del Fuego,Argentina for their use in climate reconstructions |
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| Affiliation: | 1. IANIGLA, Mendoza-CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina;2. Institute of Geography RAS, Moscow, Russia;3. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC-CONICET), Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina;4. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina;5. Facultad de Ciencias, Hémera Centro de Observación de la Tierra, Universidad Mayor, Santiago de Chile, Chile;6. ESALQ, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil;1. School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, United States;2. Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, United States;3. CREAF, Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions Forestals E08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola de Vallès), Catalonia, Spain;4. Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland;5. Department of Ecology, W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland;1. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC), Houssay 200, Ushuaia, Argentina;2. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina;3. Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Austria;4. Department of Botany, University of Otago, New Zealand;5. Department of Biodiversity and Nature Conservation, Environment Agency, Austria;6. Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), Argentina;1. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, INIBIOMA CONICET, Quintral 1250 8400 Bariloche, Argentina;2. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia, Instituto de Biociencias de la Patagonia, INBIOP CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales Ciudad Universitaria, Km 4, Chubut, Argentina;1. Laboratorio Ecotono, INIBIOMA, CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Quintral 1250, Bariloche, CP 8400, Río Negro, Argentina;2. Delegación Regional Patagonia, Administración de Parques Nacionales, Vicealmirante O´Connor 1188, Bariloche PC 8400, Río Negro, Argentina;1. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA – CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina;2. Department of Geography, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada;1. Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal;2. Dept. Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Univ. Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;3. Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE-CSIC), 50192 Zaragoza, Spain;4. Dept. Sistemas Físicos, Químicos y Naturales, Univ. Pablo de Olavide, Crta de Utrera, Km. 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain |
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| Abstract: | A pronounced seven-year cycle is one of the most prominent features of many Fuegian and southern Patagonian Nothofagus pumilio tree-ring width chronologies. However, the source of this variability is still unclear. Here we provide multiple lines of evidence that suggest this phenomenon comes from non-climatically induced ecological factors, most probably triggered by insect outbreaks. To test this hypothesis we removed the seven-year cycle, by means of Singular Spectrum Analysis, from a network of 44 tree-ring width chronologies, from the eastern Tierra del Fuego Island in Argentina. The chronologies that were filtered this way showed a stronger climatic response, and were more successfully modeled using the Vaganov-Shashkin-Lite (VS-Lite) process-based forward model of tree growth. We conclude that the removed periodicity does not have a climatic source. Additional evidence from direct observation of affected and non-affected trees during defoliation, due to Ormiscodes sp. outbreak in 2010, is provided. We also tested the hypothesis of probable masting effects on the growth of N. pumilio at a site with a 12-yr record of seed production, but this hypothesis was not confirmed. Taking into account the non-climatic nature of this signal, we explore the utility of corrected chronologies for reconstruction of climatic parameters in Tierra del Fuego, especially for summer temperature and frost day frequency. This study is the first systematic analysis of the pronounced high-frequency cyclicity in N. pumilio tree growth in southernmost South America. |
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| Keywords: | Dendroecology Dendroclimatology Ormiscodes Masting Insect outbreaks Nothofagus Singular spectrum analysis |
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