Modulation of Plant Resistance to Diseases by Water-Soluble Chitosan |
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| Authors: | N. I. Vasyukova S. V. Zinov'eva L. I. Il'inskaya E. A. Perekhod G. I. Chalenko N. G. Gerasimova A. V. Il'ina V. P. Varlamov O. L. Ozeretskovskaya |
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| Affiliation: | (1) Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 33, Moscow, 117071, Russia;(2) Institute of Parasitology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 33, Moscow, 117071, Russia;(3) Bioinzheneriya Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117312, Russia |
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| Abstract: | Low-molecular-weight water-soluble chitosan (5 kDa) obtained after enzymatic hydrolysis of native crab chitosan was shown to display an elicitor activity by inducing the local and systemic resistance of Solanum tuberosum potato and Lycopesicon esculentum tomato to Phytophthora infestans and nematodes, respectively. Chitosan induced the accumulation of phytoalexins in tissues of host plants; decreased the total content; changed the composition of free sterols producing adverse effects on infesters; activated chitinases,  -glucanases, and lipoxygenases; and stimulated the generation of reactive oxygen species. The activation of protective mechanisms in plant tissues inhibited the growth of taxonomically different pathogens (parasitic fungus Phytophthora infestans and root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita). |
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