石菖蒲提取物对四种储粮害虫的生物活性研究

研究了石菖蒲4种溶剂无水乙醇、丙酮、乙酸乙酯、石油醚提取物对玉米象、谷蠹、长角扁谷盗和锯谷盗4种储粮害虫的驱避作用和触杀作用。结果表明：石菖蒲4种溶剂提取物对4种试虫均有明显的驱避作用和触杀作用，处理60 h的平均驱避等级均达到Ⅲ级以上，对4种试虫的触杀死亡率均达到41.11%以上。

Bioactivities of extracts from Acorus gramineus on four stored grain pests

Botanical insecticides are relatively safe and biodegradable,and readily available source of bioinsecticides. In recent years,the studies on new species of plant and on the spectrum of them have been much heated in the world. In this study,four different extracts (ethanol extract,acetone extract,ethyl acetate extract and petroleum ether extract) of Acorus gramineus rhizome were tested for their insecticidal activities against four stored grain pests,Sitophilus zeamais Motschusky,Rhizopertha dominica Fabricius,Cryptolestes pusillus Schoenherr and Oryzaephilus surinamensis L.,using repellence method and contact toxicity method. The results showed that all extracts had obviously repellent and contact toxicity on the tested beetles. Sixty hours after the treatment,the repellent levels of the four extracts to the insects were all above grade Ⅲ. The contact mortalities of these four tested insects ranged from 41.11% to 100.00%. The results suggest that A. gramineus extracts can be used to control the main stored grain pests effectively,and offer basis for developing A. gramineus as the plant insecticide to control the stored grain pests.