元红荔枝北移生物学习性变化和相应的栽培技术

元红荔枝从福建福州北移浙江苍南,年花果物候期缩短7d,不同基枝翌年抽穗结果能力存在极显著差异,培育一定数量的生长枝是丰产稳产的前提,以8月上旬抽发的秋梢母枝翌年穗果量高。花芽生理分化运期在10月底,形态分化期与福建比较只是时间上顺延。因此,浙南荔枝栽培强调前促后控秋梢母枝;培育壮穗,控制花量;保果壮果。

Changes of biological habit of Yuanhong litchi when transplanted northward and its corresponding cultural practice

When Yuanhong litchi was transplanted from Fuzhou to Cangnan (a southerncounty of Zhejiang province), changes of biological habit took place. Annualphenological phase of flower and fruit shortened for 7 days. There exist significantdifferences in ability to sprouting and bearing at different basal shoots in thenext year. In order to obtain high and stable yield, a certain quantity of growthshoots were cultivated. The autumn basal shoots produced at the first 10 days ofAugust gave high yield in the next year. The optimal differentiation of flower budoccurred at the end of 0ctober. The period of flower primordium formation inCangnan was later than that in Fuzhou. Hence, it is emphasized that the early autumnshoots should be promoted and the late one controlled; the strong shoots should becultivated and the flower production controlled; and the fruit retention and soundfruit are essential for litchi plantings in north Zhejiang.