神经元增殖与孤独症谱系障碍大脑过度生长

在患儿发育早期，某一亚类孤独症谱系障碍（autism spectrum disorders, ASDs）大脑呈过度生长趋势。研究发现，部分伴随有大脑过度增生的患者局部脑区神经元数目异常增多。进一步研究表明，神经元的增殖紊乱与局部脑区神经元数目异常增多密切相关。本综述从ASDs相关信号分子对神经元增殖的调控入手，归纳总结近年来基于神经元增殖调控异常的ASDs大脑过度增生的分子机制研究，为探究ASDs的发病机制提供一个重要的突破口。

Neuronal Proliferation and Macrocephaly in Autism Spectrum Disorders

At embryonic and early postnatal stages, a subset of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) trend to display the brain overgrowth. Studies show that the neuronal number in local areas of partial ASDs patients accompanying with the brain overgrowth is increasing. And further studies indicate that there is a close connection between the excess neuronal production in local areas and the dysfunction of neuronal proliferation. This review focused on ASD relative signals regulating the proliferation of neurons, and summarized researches in recent years about the molecular mechanism of the brain overgrowth in ASDs based on the dysregulation of neuronal proliferation, aiming at providing a breakthrough for exploring the pathology of ASDs.