微粒对内皮细胞的影响及其机制

微粒是细胞活化或凋亡时释放的磷脂囊泡,直径大小为100-1000 nm,并且带有亲缘性细胞的特异性抗原标记。外周血中的细胞微粒主要来源于血小板、白细胞、红细胞和内皮细胞。由于细胞活化和凋亡机制不同,所以从不同细胞上脱落的微粒大小、磷脂和原始细胞细胞质的含量也不同。微粒有潜在的生物学作用,包括对血管内皮细胞舒张功能的作用和对内皮细胞的促进生长的作用。除此之外,微粒能通过携带部分自身成份转移到靶细胞来介导细胞的活化、细胞表型的改变和细胞功能的重组。在疾病发生过程中,外周血中微粒的数量显著增加,这提示微粒可能参与了很多疾病的发生与发展,所以微粒日益受到临床工作者的重视。本文对微粒的形成原因、微粒成分,对内皮细胞的作用及其机制进行综述。微粒作为内皮细胞相关疾病一个新的治疗靶点,阐明其与内皮细胞功能障碍发生机制之间的关系,有助于为内皮细胞病变相关性疾病的治疗提供新的途径。

Microparticles Regulates Endothelial Cell function and the Mechanism

ABSTRACT: Mcroparticles (MPs) are membrane vesicles resulting from cell activation and apoptosis, with a diameter of 100 to 1000 nm, originating from platelets, leukocytes, erythrocytes, and endothelial cells, and express antigens specific of their parental cells. Because two different pathways are involved in the generation of MPs, MPs vary in size, content of phospholipid and protein. MPs have potential biological functions including biological effects including mediating cell activation and cell proliferation. They can affect vascular function and may transfer part of their components and content to selected target cells. The number of Mps increased significantly during the diseases happening, which indicates MPs may have a close relationship with many diseases. As a result, the function of MPs draws more and more attention. This paper reviewed the structure, action mechanism, biological function of MPs and its relationship with endothelial cell lesion correlation diseases. MPs are a new therapeutic target of endothelial cell lesion correlation disease. Clarifying the relationship between MPs and endothelial cell lesion correlation diseases could provide a new approach for the treatment of endothelial cell lesion correlation diseases.