A Novel Plant Kinesin-Related Protein Specifically Associates with the Phragmoplast Organelles

In higher plants, the formation of the cell plate during cytokinesis requires coordinated microtubule (MT) reorganization and vesicle transport in the phragmoplast. MT-based kinesin motors are important players in both processes. To understand the mechanisms underlying plant cytokinesis, we have identified AtPAKRP2 (for Arabidopsis thaliana phragmoplast-associated kinesin-related protein 2). AtPAKRP2 is an ungrouped N-terminal motor kinesin. It first appeared in a punctate pattern among interzonal MTs during late anaphase. When the phragmoplast MT array appeared in a mirror pair, AtPAKRP2 became more concentrated near the division site, and additional signal could be detected elsewhere in the phragmoplast. In contrast, the previously identified AtPAKRP1 protein is associated specifically with bundles of MTs in the phragmoplast at or near their plus ends. Localization of the tobacco homolog(s) of AtPAKRP2 was altered by treatment of brefeldin A in BY-2 cells. We discuss the possibility that AtPAKRP1 plays a role in establishing and/or maintaining the phragmoplast MT array, and AtPAKRP2 may contribute to the transport of Golgi-derived vesicles in the phragmoplast.