| Abstract: | Abstract Coral-reef systems are conspicuously multi-scalar, with scales set by reef-fish biology, by ecological processes that act upon them and by the architectural patchiness of the coral-reef environment in which they reside. Empirical ecological studies cannot be executed in a way that is independent of spatial scale, and results are inextricably scale-dependent. Further, although the question asked and the measurements planned will suggest appropriate scales, it is often the case in these multi-scalar systems that there is no single correct scale at which to sample. Instead, there must be a process of compromise in designing projects, an awareness of scale in implementing them and careful consideration of the scale-dependence of the results. Some useful principles are presented to help with the process of project design and interpretation. |
