土壤原生生物多样性及其生态功能研究进展

原生生物广泛分布在土壤和不同生境中, 其数量庞大、种类繁多, 在生态系统物质循环和能量流动以及维持土壤和植物健康中起着举足轻重的作用。与土壤其他生物类群相比, 原生生物分类体系和生态类型复杂, 分类鉴定困难且分子检测技术不够成熟, 目前对原生生物的认识相对不足。本文对当前原生生物的相关研究进展进行了总结和梳理, 系统阐述了原生生物的分类系统和营养功能群特征、土壤原生生物的多样性分布特征及影响因子, 重点介绍了原生生物群落在参与土壤养分循环、维持土壤和植物健康等中的功能作用, 并对未来的研究方向与应用前景进行了展望。对土壤原生生物的研究有助于我们深入认识土壤生物多样性资源, 并进行保护性地开发和利用, 维护土壤和生态系统健康。

Research progress on the biodiversity and ecological function of soil protists

Background & Aims: Protists are widely distributed in soil and throughout different habitats with high abundance and diversity. They play important roles in nutrient cycling and the energy flow of ecosystems, as well as maintaining soil and plant health. Compared with other microorganisms and fauna in soil, protists have received little attention until recently, and the study on their classification and molecular detection are largely challenged due to their complex taxonomy systems and ecological types.Progresses: This review systematically summarized and sorted out previous research on soil protists. The research progress on the taxonomic systems of protists, properties of different trophic functional groups, the distribution pattern, and the influencing factors of soil protists were summarized. Then the ecological functions of protistan communities in participating in soil nutrient cycling and maintaining soil health were further highlighted. The main factors that drive the construction of protistan community was clarified, and the prospect and application prospect were further put forward.Prospects: The future perspectives and research efforts towards taxonomic classification, biodiversity, ecological function, and applications of soil protists need to be explored.