The effect of Trichoderma harzianum and T. koningii on the control of tan spot (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis) and leaf blotch (Mycosphaerella graminicola) of wheat under field conditions in Argentina |
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Authors: | Analia E. Perello Cecilia I. Monaco Maria V. Moreno Cristina A. Cordo Maria R. Simon |
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Affiliation: | 1. Centro de Investigaciones de Fitopatología (CIDEFI), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales , Universidad Nacional de La Plata , Provincia de Buenos Aires , Argentina;2. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET);3. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC);4. Cerealicultura |
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Abstract: | The effect of six isolates of Trichoderma harzianum and one isolate of T. koningii on the incidence and severity of tan spot (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis) and leaf blotch of wheat (Mycosphaerella graminicola) was evaluated under field conditions. Significant differences between wheat cultivars, inoculum types and growth stages were found. Three of the isolates tested (T2 for M. graminicola, T7 for P. tritici-repentis and T5 for both of them) showed the best performance in controlling leaf blotch and tan spot when coated onto seed or sprayed onto wheat leaves at different growth stages, with significant severity reduction up to 56%. At tillering, six of the isolates reduced the severity of P. tritici-repentis and M. graminicola compared to the control by up to 39% and 12-53%, respectively. In some experiments, the biocontrol preparation (T2 and T5) gave a level of disease control similar to that obtained with Tebuconazole (70 and 48%, respectively). The effect of Trichoderma against P. tritici-repentis was also observed at the heading stage, when six of the treatments reduced disease severity by 16-35%. This is the first report on the efficacy of Trichoderma spp. against wheat necrotrophic pathogens under field conditions in Argentina. |
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Keywords: | Wheat biocontrol Septoria tritici Drechslera tritici-repentis Trichoderma harzianum Trichoderma koningii |
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