竹芋科和蕨类室内盆栽植物对甲醛净化作用的研究

以竹芋科和蕨类室内盆栽植物各10种为试验材料,分别置于体积为1.0 m×1.0m×0.8m密封玻璃箱内,甲醛起始浓度均设置为15 mg/m3,连续观察7d.结果表明:卷叶巢蕨(Neottopteris nidus cv.Volulum)、矩叶肖竹芋(Calathea lubbersiana)对甲醛抗性最强(Ⅰ级)；银线竹芋(C.ornata)、银羽斑竹芋(C.setosa)、翠叶竹芋(C.freddy)和彩虹竹芋(C.roseo-picta)抗性较强(Ⅱ级)；巢蕨(N.nidus)、傅氏凤尾蕨(Pteris fauriei)、银脉凤尾蕨(P.ensi formis cv.Victoriae)、银心大叶凤尾蕨(P.cretica cv.Albolineata)、肾蕨(Nephrolepis cordifolia)、华南毛蕨(Cyclosorus parasiticus)、乌毛蕨(Blechnum orientale)、花叶竹芋(Maranta bicolor)和天鹅绒竹芋(C.zebrina)抗性最差(Ⅳ级).甲醛处理后,密封玻璃箱内甲醛浓度均呈递减变化,递减最快都集中在试验后1～3 d之间.吸收甲醛最快的植物是天鹅绒竹芋和星蕨(Microsorum punctatum),最慢的是华南毛蕨、银脉凤尾蕨、卷叶巢蕨和银羽斑竹芋.对甲醛处理产生伤害反应少或较少,而吸收能力强的前8种植物是:巢蕨、青苹果竹芋(C.rotundfolia)、银心大叶凤尾蕨、银线竹芋、二歧鹿角蕨(Platycerium bifurcatum)、卷叶巢蕨、彩虹竹芋和翠叶竹芋,可作为甲醛净化专用植物应用推广.

Indoor potted plants of Marantaceae and Pteridophy- tes for purification of formaldehyde polluted air

Ten plants from Marantaceae families and ten plants from Pteridophytes were tested for their abilities of removing formaldehyde(FDH) in the air.Each of the plants was placed for seven days in a 1.0m×1.0m×0.8m glass box filled with FDH with the initial concentration of 15mg/m3.Some plants such as Neottopteris nidusVolulum,Calathea lubbersiana showed the top resistant ability to FDH;some plants such as Calathea ornata,Calathea setosa,Calathea freddy,and Calathea roseo-picta showed medium resistant ability to FDH;other species such as Neottopteris nidus,Pteris fauriei,Pteris ensiformis cv.Victoriae,Pteris cretica cv.Albolineata,Nephrolepis cordifolia,Cyclosorus parasiticus,Blechnum orientale,Maranta bicolor,and Calathea zebrina showed no resistance to FDH.The absorption of plants for FDH in the glass chamber was found especially apparently different during the first three days.The fastest purification rates of FDH were found in species such as C.zebrina,Microsorum punctatum,and the slowest were found in species such as C.parasiticus,P.ensiformis cv.Victoriae,N.nidus cv.Volulum,and C.setosa.In conclusion,8 species of the potted plants which could be recommendable to be used for FDH purification were N.nidus,Calathea rotundifolia,P.cretica cv.Albolineata,C.ornata,Platycerium bifurcatum,N.nidus cv.Volulum,C.roseo-picta,and C.freddy,because these plants have high absorption ability to FDH and have less damage.