一株谦逊迷孔菌Daedalea modesta的分离及其杀线虫的作用

为了研究野生担子菌对线虫的作用效果,从腐木桩上采集担子菌,应用常规组织分离法获得纯培养菌丝,以全齿复活线虫作靶标,初步筛选到1株对线虫有高活性的菌株,应用形态学方法和分子生物学方法进行了种的鉴定,测定了其对全齿复活线虫Panagrellus redivivus、松材线虫Bursaphelenchus xylophilus、爪哇根结线虫Meloidogyne javanica的杀线虫活性,并测定了其在不同条件下的发酵液对全齿复活线虫、松材线虫和爪哇根结线虫二龄幼虫的作用效果。经鉴定该菌株为谦逊迷孔菌Daedalea modesta,其菌丝在平板上能够迅速杀死线虫,平板菌落上接种线虫48h,菌丝对全齿复活线虫、松材线虫和爪哇根结线虫的致死率分别为95.61%、85.75%和100%;其马铃薯葡萄糖液体发酵液25℃处理全齿复活线虫、松材线虫和爪哇根结线虫二龄虫24h线虫死亡率均达100%,发酵液稀释10×时,对爪哇根结线虫仍有致死效果。本研究为该菌株用于线虫防治的进一步研究提供了科学参考。

A Daedalea modesta strain with nematicidal activity and its role in killing nematodes

A basidiomycete strain destructive to nematodes was screened out by using routine tissue-separation method and Panagrellus redivivus as a target. The strain was identified as Daedalea modesta. The effect of mycelia of the strain on attacking P. redivivus, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and Meloidogyne javanica were tested, and the effect of fermentation filtrates of the mycelia cultured in different conditions on P. redivivus, B. xylophilus and second instar larvae of M. javanica were also determinated. The mortality of P. redivivus, B. xylophilus and M. javanica inoculated with Daedalea modesta mycelia were 95.61%, 85.75% and 100%, respectively in 48h. The mortality of P. redivivus, B. xylophilus and second instar larvae of M. javanica treated with fermentation filtrate of the strain cultured in potato dextrose liquid solution under 25°C was 100% in 24h. The 10x dilution of the filtrate still has lethal effect on M. javanica.