Evaluation of cysteine ethyl ester as efficient inducer for glutathione overproduction in Saccharomyces spp. |
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| Institution: | 1. Berlin University of Technology, Institute of Biotechnology, Berlin, Germany;2. Research and Teaching Institute for Brewing in Berlin, Department Bioprocess Engineering and Applied Microbiology, Berlin, Germany;1. Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA;2. Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA;1. Department of Applied Microbial Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Life Science, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan;2. Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan;3. Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-17-2-1 Tsukisamu-higashi, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 062-8517, Japan;1. Departamento de Óptica, Farmacología y Anatomía, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain;2. Departamento de Microbiología y Ecología, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain;1. Núcleo Científico Tecnológico de Investigación en Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, Departamento de Psicología, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile;2. Departamento de Producción Agropecuaria, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile |
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| Abstract: | Economical yeast based glutathione (GSH) production is a process that is influenced by several factors like raw material and production costs, biomass production and efficient biotransformation of adequate precursors into the final product GSH. Nowadays the usage of cysteine for the microbial conversion into GSH is industrial state of practice. In the following study, the potential of different inducers to increase the GSH content was evaluated by means of design of experiments methodology. Investigations were executed in three natural Saccharomyces strains, S. cerevisiae, S. bayanus and S. boulardii, in a well suited 50 ml shake tube system. Results of shake tube experiments were confirmed in traditional baffled shake flasks and finally via batch cultivation in lab-scale bioreactors under controlled conditions. Comprehensive studies showed that the usage of cysteine ethyl ester (CEE) for the batch-wise biotransformation into GSH led up to a more than 2.2 times higher yield compared to cysteine as inducer. Additionally, the intracellular GSH content could be significantly increased for all strains in terms of 2.29 ± 0.29% for cysteine to 3.65 ± 0.23% for CEE, respectively, in bioreactors. Thus, the usage of CEE provides a highly attractive inducing strategy for the GSH overproduction. |
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| Keywords: | Biotransformation Cysteine Cysteine ethyl ester (CEE) Design of experiments (DoE) Glutathione enriched yeast |
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