Profiling the glycome of Cardicola forsteri,a blood fluke parasitic to bluefin tuna |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia;2. Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4215, Australia;3. Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Locked Bag 1370, Launceston, TAS 7250, Australia;4. ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4215, Australia;5. Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia;6. Department of Surgery, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia;1. National Veterinary Research Institute in Pu?awy, Department of Parasitology and Invasive Diseases, Aleja Partyzantów 56, 24-100 Pu?awy, Poland;2. USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Animal Parasitic Diseases Lab, BARC-East Building 1040, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, 10705 Beltsville, MD, USA;1. Malaria Unit, Department of Pathology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan;2. Diana Princess of Wales Hospital, Grimsby, Northeast Lincolnshire, United Kingdom;3. Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, United States;4. University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, Australia;5. International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O. Box 30709, Nairobi 00100 Kenya;6. Graduate School of Social and Cultural Science, Kumamoto University, Japan;7. Moniya General Hospital, Akinyele Local Government, Nigeria;8. Institute of Child Health College of Medicine University of Ibadan, Nigeria;9. Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan;10. Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Centre, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan;1. Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan;2. Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan;3. Department of Molecular Parasitology and Tropical Diseases, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan;4. Center for International Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan;1. Intrahospital Infections Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain;2. Parasitology Reference and Research Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain |
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| Abstract: | Infections by blood flukes (Cardicola spp.) are considered the most significant health issue for ranched bluefin tuna, a major aquaculture industry in Japan and Australia. The host–parasite interfaces of trematodes, namely their teguments, are particularly rich in carbohydrates, which function both in evasion and modulation of the host immune system, while some are primary antigenic targets. In this study, histochemistry and mass spectrometry techniques were used to profile the glycans of Cardicola forsteri. Fluorescent lectin staining of adult flukes indicates the presence of oligomannose (Concanavalin A-reactive) and fucosylated (Pisum sativum agglutinin-reactive) N-glycans. Additionally, reactivity of succinylated wheat germ agglutinin (s-WGA) was localised to several internal organs of the digestive and monoecious reproductive systems. Glycan structures were further investigated with tandem mass spectrometry, which revealed structures indicated by lectin reactivity. While O-glycans from these adult specimens were not detectable by mass spectrometry, several oligomannose, paucimannosidic, and complex-type N-glycans were identified, including some carrying hexuronic acid and many carrying core xylose. This is, to our knowledge, the first glycomic characterisation of a marine platyhelminth, with broader implications for research into other trematodes. |
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| Keywords: | Glycan Mass spectrometry Lectin Trematode Aquaculture Xylose |
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