Characterization of Vibrio cholerae from deep ground water in a cholera endemic area in Central India |
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| Authors: | Akhilesh K. Tamrakar Meenu Jain Ajay K. Goel Dev V. Kamboj Lokendra Singh |
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| Affiliation: | (1) Biotechnology Division, Defence Research and Development Establishment, Gwalior, 474 002, India;(2) Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA |
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| Abstract: | A total of 8 out of 11 deep ground water samples collected from different villages in Central India were found contaminated with Vibrio cholerae non O1, non O139. In a multiplex PCR, isolates were found positive for ompW gene but negative for ctxAB and rfbO1 genes. However, isolates from two places were positive for tcp and zot genes, indicating their intestinal colonization and toxigenic potential. Antibiotic susceptibility studies revealed that all isolates were multidrug resistant. Although, none of the isolates was found PCR positive for the mobile genetic elements, class 1 integrons and SXT constins. The results of this study corroborated that deep ground water can also be an important reservoir of V. cholerae in plane endemic areas, suggesting a continuous monitoring of water samples for timely prevention of the disease. |
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| Keywords: | Cholera Environmental surveillance Ground water Integron Vibrio cholerae |
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