Bradykinins and their precursor cDNAs from the skin of the fire-bellied toad (Bombina orientalis) |
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Authors: | Chen Tianbao Orr David F Bjourson Anthony J McClean Stephen O'Rourke Martin Hirst David G Rao Pingfan Shaw Chris |
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Institution: | School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK. |
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Abstract: | Bradykinin and (Thr(6))-bradykinin have been identified in the defensive skin secretion of the fire-bellied toad, Bombina orientalis. The homologous cDNAs for both peptides were cloned from a skin library using a 3'- and 5'-RACE strategy. Kininogen-1 (BOK-1) contained an open-reading frame of 167 amino acid residues encoding four repeats of bradykinin, and kininogen-2 (BOK-2) contained an open-reading frame of 161 amino acid residues encoding two repeats of (Thr(6))-bradykinin. Alignment of both precursor nucleotide and amino acid sequences revealed a high degree of structural similarity. These amphibian skin kininogens/preprobradykinins are not biologically analogous to mammalian kininogens. |
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