细菌酯酶研究进展

酯酶(esterase)是一类催化酯键水解和合成的酶的总称,水解时催化酯键产生甘油和脂肪酸,合成时把酸的羧基与醇的羟基脱水缩合,产物为酯类及其他芳香类物质。酯酶广泛存在于动物、植物和微生物中。微生物酯酶在细菌中分布最多,广泛存在于包括链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、新型隐球菌、绿脓杆菌、结核杆菌等多种细菌中。目前关于酯酶和细菌毒力作用的相关性研究正处于起始阶段。本文对酯酶的结构、分类、作用机制、基因调控,以及一些代表性细菌酯酶的具体研究进展进行综述。

Advances in Bacterial Esterases

Esterases is a general reference of kinds of enzymes that catalyzes, hydrolyses and synthesizes ester bond. Upon the hydrolysis, they catalyze ester to produce glycerol and fatty acid; and upon the synthesis they dehydrate and condensate carboxyl group of acid and condensed hydroxyl of alcohol to produce esters and other aromatic substances. Esterases are widely found in animals, plants, and microorganisms. Microbial esterases distributed the most in bacteria, they widely presented in Streptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, Cryptococcus neoformans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and many other bacteria. The current study on the relativity between esterase and bacterial virulence is just in the start-up phase. In this review the structure, classification, affecting mechanism, and genetic regulation of the esterase, as well as concrete advances in some typical bacterial esterases were briefly introduced.