中国红花种质资源的种类与分布

红花(Carthamus tinctorius L.)在我国栽培历史悠久,具有重要的油用、药用、食用价值。我国的红花栽培历史和药用记载可以追溯到2 000多年前。本文详细阐述了红花在中国的引种历史、种植概况及其地理分布。目前,我国红花的商业化种植主要集中在新疆维吾尔自治区、云南省和甘肃省。河南省、四川省、浙江省等地区曾有较大规模的红花种植,并分别培育出延津红花、简阳红花、淮红花等优良品种,现在这些地区的红花种植都是零星分布。本文对红花种质资源管理、引种选育中存在的问题进行了讨论,旨在为我国红花种质资源的进一步收集、保存和选育提供参考。

Varieties and distribution of Carthamus tinctorius L. germplasm resources in China

afflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) has a long cultivation history in China. It has important oil, medicinal, and edible value. Safflower cultivation history and medical records in China can be traced back to more than 2 000 years ago. This paper elaborately describes the introduction history, planting situation and geographical distribution of safflower in China. At present, commercial cultivation of safflower in China is mainly concentrated in Xinjiang Autonomous Region, Yunnan Province and Gansu Province. There were large?scale safflower cultivation areas in Henan Province, Sichuan Province, and Zhejiang Province, etc., and have developed several high quality varieties such as Yanjin safflower, Jianyang safflower, and Huai safflower separately. However, the safflower cultivation in these areas is now scattered. The problems in introduction, breeding, and germplasm resource management of safflower are also discussed. The purpose of this paper is to provide a reference for the further collection, preservation and breeding of safflower in China.